Fiscal policy instruments in environmental protection

Market-based Environmental Policy Instruments

Trade and Environmental Policy Instruments and Reforms

This chapter first presents and summarises results from recent analytical literature, explaining the implications of different policy menus to abate pollution in a small, polluted, competitive economy opening to world trade. This situation is consistent with the stylised facts of many developing economies evolving in a global marketplace and with emerging environmental concerns. The context of ...

Designing Instruments for Resource and Environmental Policy

Contents 1. Introduction 2. The need for policy instruments 3. The Range of Policy Options 4. The Selection and Design of Policy Instruments 4.1. Efficiency with heterogeneous abatement costs 4.2. Difficult monitoring of emissions (but complementarity with products) 4.3. Efficiency with heterogeneous damage costs 4.4. Uncertainty in damage costs and efficiency 4.5. Inter-temporal efficiency wit...

Institutional, Legal, and Economic Instruments in Ghana's Environmental Policy.

/ This paper reviews the state of the environment in Ghana and explores the potential for the use of institutional, legal, and economic instruments in environmental management in the specific context of this developing country.The environmental situation in Ghana is characterized by desertification, land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, and inadequate water supply in the northern regio...

The Environmental Kuznets Curve, environmental protection policy and income distribution

The effect of economic growth on pollution emissions differs substantially among high-income countries. I address this issue by analyzing public environmental policy decisions. Individual heterogeneity, relative income effect and the political framework in which policy decisions are taken determine the emergence of the downward sloping segment of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Income in...